Having just read the thread, I thought I'd make few comments about EVs. As a disclaimer, I have a Tesla M3 in Germany.
The first issue with electric that is often ignored when comparing them to ICE vehicles, is the total energy use. The EVs use less energy per mile (or kilometer) than an ICE of equivalent size. Switching to EVs saves energy. It also saves money even if the price of electricity goes up. The charging infrastructure doesn't have to generate as much power as all the fuel that would have to be burnt, just enough to move the vehicles. Also, the uptake of photovoltaic adds to the charging capacity and is price competitive. If the price of electricity goes up, more people install solar.
Range is always a big discussion point and ICE go further, it just isn't an issue for 90% of the traffic. We typically plug in once a week, sometimes more. The grid isn't going to charge all the vehicles at once and a full charge doesn't take all night, so the charging can be moderated. The intelligent chargers are already on the market and are being installed at a rapid rate here. For the occasional long trip, charging today is about 3 hours of driving in about 20 minutes. Plan your breaks, and it's not bad. Going across country this summer, rent an ICE; it is cheap per mile/km of wear and tear.
Uptake of EVs is increasing. The chance of having a rule change damage the usability of your ICE is a factor. It has happened to me twice with my Alfas, and was one of the reasons for getting an EV. As a measure of progess /uptake for EVs, they represent 13% of the Germany car market in 2021.
Reine Elektroautos (BEVs) machten im Jahr 2021 stolze 13 Prozent in Deutschland aus. Mit 350.000 BEVs lag Deutschland weltweit auf Platz drei.
insideevs.de
The EU will generally stop selling ICE in 2030. This will disrupt the ICE market - few buyers for parts, less research and innovation - means ICEs will get more expensive relative to EVs. Resales values are affected, further shifting new car buyers to EVs. Thinking that ICE will remain significate is mostly wishful thinking. Other fuels will take years to be viable. EVs have taken over 10 years to go from nicht to viable and I don't see something niche, that will make an impact in the next 10 years. The charging infrastructure is sited as a big problem for EVs even though many people can charge at home. We used a standard plug for two years. No one has a hydrogen tank at home, making the on ramp for hydrogen much more difficult. Wasn't the lack of diesel at gas stations one of the reasons why diesel wasn't successful in the US car market? I think the writing is on the wall, so to speak; the majority of cars sold in 2030 will be EVs.
The mining of lithium (not the only battery material) is cited as a problem. Mining oil has also been problem. The biggest difference between the two, is that lithium doesn't get used up. Oil gets burnt, and you need new oil. Lithium goes into a battery for 10 or twenty years, and can be reused in a new battery. At some point (in theory), we have enough lithium, so there is no need to mine any more, just reuse it. The same applies to steel, aluminium and number of other raw materials.
None of this has to affect our common hobby as X1/9 drivers.